Income Level for Children Relative to Poverty, by Legislative District

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2016-2020

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United StatesPercent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold17.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold21.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher31.4%
CaliforniaPercent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold16.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold21.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.7%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher34.1%
Assembly District 1Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold16.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold21.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.5%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher30.9%
Assembly District 2Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold17.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold21.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher31.2%
Assembly District 3Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold19.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold24.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher23.1%
Assembly District 4Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold11.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold20.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.5%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher36.2%
Assembly District 5Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold19.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold21.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher28.3%
Assembly District 6Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold6.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold9.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold10.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher60.7%
Assembly District 7Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold21.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold23.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher26.1%
Assembly District 8Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold21.2%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold24.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher27.5%
Assembly District 9Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold18.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold21.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.6%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher29.5%
Assembly District 10Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold9.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold13.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher54.6%
Assembly District 11Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold12.4%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold17.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold15.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher37.9%
Assembly District 12Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold15.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold22.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold15.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher28.2%
Assembly District 13Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold19.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold26.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher22.0%
Assembly District 14Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold12.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold17.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher43.8%
Assembly District 15Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold10.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold16.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher49.0%
Assembly District 16Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold3.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold4.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold4.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold6.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher81.2%
Assembly District 17Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold13.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold14.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.6%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher50.4%
Assembly District 18Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold19.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold20.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher34.7%
Assembly District 19Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold5.4%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold10.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold11.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher63.2%
Assembly District 20Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold8.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold13.2%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold14.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold14.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher49.2%
Assembly District 21Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold23.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold31.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher13.4%
Assembly District 22Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold6.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold9.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold7.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold8.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher68.3%
Assembly District 23Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold18.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold21.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold14.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher27.5%
Assembly District 24Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold5.4%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold9.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold7.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold6.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher71.5%
Assembly District 25Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold7.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold8.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold9.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher64.1%
Assembly District 26Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold29.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold29.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher14.2%
Assembly District 27Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold11.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold20.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher37.6%
Assembly District 28Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold4.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold6.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold6.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold7.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher74.7%
Assembly District 29Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold8.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold13.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher53.5%
Assembly District 30Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold17.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold26.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher24.8%
Assembly District 31Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold39.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold30.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold13.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold8.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher7.9%
Assembly District 32Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold34.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold34.2%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold6.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher7.8%
Assembly District 33Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold26.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold25.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher15.1%
Assembly District 34Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold18.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold24.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher26.7%
Assembly District 35Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold13.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold25.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold14.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher27.1%
Assembly District 36Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold23.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold27.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher19.1%
Assembly District 37Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold11.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold21.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher38.1%
Assembly District 38Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold9.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold12.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.6%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher52.8%
Assembly District 39Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold19.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold27.2%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher21.2%
Assembly District 40Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold19.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold23.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.7%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher26.3%
Assembly District 41Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold11.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold13.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold14.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher49.9%
Assembly District 42Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold21.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold26.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher23.6%
Assembly District 43Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold14.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold15.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold11.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher49.0%
Assembly District 44Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold12.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold20.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher39.1%
Assembly District 45Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold13.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold16.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher42.1%
Assembly District 46Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold22.2%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold24.9%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold14.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher29.3%
Assembly District 47Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold22.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold26.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold21.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher17.3%
Assembly District 48Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold14.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold24.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold15.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher25.4%
Assembly District 49Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold15.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold25.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher30.5%
Assembly District 50Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold6.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold9.9%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold10.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold7.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher65.7%
Assembly District 51Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold23.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold30.2%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher18.4%
Assembly District 52Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold20.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold28.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher17.9%
Assembly District 53Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold36.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold34.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold7.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher7.3%
Assembly District 54Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold16.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold19.9%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.6%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher40.3%
Assembly District 55Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold9.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold15.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold14.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher47.6%
Assembly District 56Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold28.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold27.9%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher13.9%
Assembly District 57Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold12.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold23.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold15.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher27.9%
Assembly District 58Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold15.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold25.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold14.7%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher24.2%
Assembly District 59Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold36.2%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold34.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold7.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher5.5%
Assembly District 60Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold13.2%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold23.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher30.6%
Assembly District 61Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold18.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold28.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.5%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher19.4%
Assembly District 62Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold19.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold26.9%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher28.2%
Assembly District 63Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold23.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold29.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.5%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.6%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher14.6%
Assembly District 64Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold28.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold30.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher12.4%
Assembly District 65Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold17.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold20.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher30.8%
Assembly District 66Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold8.4%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold11.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher57.1%
Assembly District 67Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold11.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold20.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold15.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher33.0%
Assembly District 68Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold9.9%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold11.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher55.9%
Assembly District 69Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold20.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold32.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher14.7%
Assembly District 70Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold21.9%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold21.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher31.6%
Assembly District 71Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold15.9%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold19.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.7%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher32.4%
Assembly District 72Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold15.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold20.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher36.0%
Assembly District 73Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold5.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold9.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold8.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher65.1%
Assembly District 74Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold8.4%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold12.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold9.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.6%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher58.9%
Assembly District 75Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold12.4%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold19.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.5%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher38.4%
Assembly District 76Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold12.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold19.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.7%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher41.4%
Assembly District 77Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold6.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold8.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold9.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher65.5%
Assembly District 78Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold8.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold15.9%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher52.8%
Assembly District 79Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold14.9%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold20.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold15.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher32.1%
Assembly District 80Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold22.2%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold28.9%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold21.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher15.9%
State Senate District 1Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold10.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold15.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold14.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.7%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher46.8%
State Senate District 2Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold14.2%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold18.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher40.4%
State Senate District 3Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold10.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold16.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.6%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher41.6%
State Senate District 4Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold17.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold22.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.5%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher28.2%
State Senate District 5Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold17.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold24.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.5%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher24.8%
State Senate District 6Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold21.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold22.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.5%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher28.2%
State Senate District 7Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold7.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold11.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold9.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.7%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher61.5%
State Senate District 8Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold19.2%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold21.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold14.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher27.6%
State Senate District 9Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold15.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold18.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold14.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher41.4%
State Senate District 10Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold7.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold10.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher56.7%
State Senate District 11Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold9.2%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold12.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold11.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.7%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher57.2%
State Senate District 12Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold25.2%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold31.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher13.5%
State Senate District 13Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold5.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold9.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold7.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold7.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher69.9%
State Senate District 14Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold37.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold33.2%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold14.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold7.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher7.3%
State Senate District 15Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold7.9%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold12.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold11.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher58.7%
State Senate District 16Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold22.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold25.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher21.6%
State Senate District 17Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold9.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold17.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher44.0%
State Senate District 18Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold20.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold26.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher25.5%
State Senate District 19Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold14.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold25.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher27.5%
State Senate District 20Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold21.4%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold27.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold21.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher17.6%
State Senate District 21Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold22.2%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold24.2%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher23.4%
State Senate District 22Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold16.2%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold26.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.7%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher24.7%
State Senate District 23Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold18.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold24.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.7%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher26.2%
State Senate District 24Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold29.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold31.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold8.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher14.3%
State Senate District 25Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold11.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold14.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold13.5%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher49.6%
State Senate District 26Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold6.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold8.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold9.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold8.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher66.6%
State Senate District 27Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold10.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold12.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold13.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher51.7%
State Senate District 28Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold15.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold22.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher30.1%
State Senate District 29Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold14.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold18.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher37.9%
State Senate District 30Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold28.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold29.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold8.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher18.6%
State Senate District 31Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold15.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold25.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher25.1%
State Senate District 32Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold12.2%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold22.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold15.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher29.5%
State Senate District 33Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold27.9%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold30.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.5%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher13.0%
State Senate District 34Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold17.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold25.9%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher27.0%
State Senate District 35Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold23.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold27.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher20.6%
State Senate District 36Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold9.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold14.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.6%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher52.9%
State Senate District 37Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold9.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold11.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold11.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher57.3%
State Senate District 38Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold13.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold18.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher40.9%
State Senate District 39Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold8.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold13.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold11.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher55.2%
State Senate District 40Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold21.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold25.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher19.9%
Congressional District 1Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold18.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold22.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.5%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher27.6%
Congressional District 2Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold12.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold17.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold13.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher45.9%
Congressional District 3Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold14.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold21.2%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold14.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher29.5%
Congressional District 4Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold9.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold11.9%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher52.2%
Congressional District 5Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold11.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold18.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher38.3%
Congressional District 6Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold23.9%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold25.2%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher22.1%
Congressional District 7Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold13.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold18.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher40.0%
Congressional District 8Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold24.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold26.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.5%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher17.6%
Congressional District 9Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold18.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold23.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher27.1%
Congressional District 10Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold16.4%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold25.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold14.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher25.3%
Congressional District 11Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold10.9%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold16.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher50.1%
Congressional District 12Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold10.4%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold11.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold10.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold8.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher59.8%
Congressional District 13Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold15.9%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold17.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold13.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher44.9%
Congressional District 14Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold6.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold11.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold10.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher61.1%
Congressional District 15Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold6.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold9.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold11.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher61.9%
Congressional District 16Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold33.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold30.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher9.6%
Congressional District 17Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold5.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold7.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold8.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher69.4%
Congressional District 18Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold5.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold8.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold6.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold7.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher73.6%
Congressional District 19Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold9.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold16.2%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher47.1%
Congressional District 20Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold16.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold25.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher27.8%
Congressional District 21Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold32.9%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold34.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold7.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher8.6%
Congressional District 22Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold22.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold24.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.6%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher22.9%
Congressional District 23Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold23.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold23.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher23.6%
Congressional District 24Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold12.4%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold23.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher32.4%
Congressional District 25Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold17.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold20.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.6%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher35.0%
Congressional District 26Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold12.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold20.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.7%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher36.7%
Congressional District 27Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold12.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold18.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher43.8%
Congressional District 28Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold14.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold16.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.6%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher46.3%
Congressional District 29Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold23.4%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold30.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.1%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher17.3%
Congressional District 30Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold11.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold15.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold14.5%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.6%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher47.2%
Congressional District 31Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold20.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold23.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher24.2%
Congressional District 32Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold15.9%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold25.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold14.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher24.7%
Congressional District 33Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold5.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold8.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold8.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold8.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher69.3%
Congressional District 34Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold31.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold31.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold15.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold7.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher13.6%
Congressional District 35Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold20.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold28.1%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold21.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.9%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher17.8%
Congressional District 36Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold23.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold28.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold17.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold12.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher18.4%
Congressional District 37Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold22.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold23.3%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold14.3%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher30.2%
Congressional District 38Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold12.8%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold22.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold15.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher29.2%
Congressional District 39Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold11.5%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold16.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold14.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher44.4%
Congressional District 40Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold29.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold33.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold9.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher9.2%
Congressional District 41Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold18.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold28.7%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold21.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher19.1%
Congressional District 42Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold10.0%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold18.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold18.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold14.7%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher38.5%
Congressional District 43Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold22.3%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold26.6%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher23.7%
Congressional District 44Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold25.9%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold30.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold19.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.0%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher13.4%
Congressional District 45Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold7.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold9.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold9.4%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher62.7%
Congressional District 46Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold20.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold29.9%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.7%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher17.2%
Congressional District 47Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold18.9%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold20.4%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.6%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.5%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher32.5%
Congressional District 48Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold10.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold15.2%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold12.2%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.8%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher51.1%
Congressional District 49Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold9.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold16.2%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold13.1%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.7%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher49.3%
Congressional District 50Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold13.7%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold19.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.9%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold13.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher36.3%
Congressional District 51Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold26.2%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold28.5%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold20.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold11.4%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher13.1%
Congressional District 52Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold6.1%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold10.0%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold10.8%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold10.3%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher62.9%
Congressional District 53Percent
0-99% of Poverty Threshold12.6%
100-199% of Poverty Threshold18.8%
200-299% of Poverty Threshold16.0%
300-399% of Poverty Threshold15.2%
400% of Poverty Threshold or Higher37.5%
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Learn More About Family Income and Poverty

Measures of Family Income and Poverty on Kidsdata.org
On kidsdata.org, family income and poverty are measured against a variety of income, resource, and self-sufficiency criteria: For each of these measures, kidsdata.org provides estimates of the share of children (or families with children) without the economic means necessary for an adequate standard of living. Depending on the data source, additional measures and breakdowns also are available.
The U.S. Census Bureau's official poverty measure compares pre-tax cash income against a threshold of three times the cost of a minimally adequate diet in 1963, adjusted for inflation. Federal poverty thresholds aim to define and measure poverty over time, rather than describe the amount of income families need to live. The following indicators are based on the official poverty measure and come from the American Community Survey (ACS):*
  • Children living in poverty (i.e., with incomes below their poverty threshold), overall and by race ethnicity
  • Children living in deep poverty (i.e., with incomes below 50% of their poverty threshold)
  • Children living in areas of concentrated poverty (i.e., where at least 30% of residents live in poverty)
  • Income level for children as a percentage of their poverty threshold, overall and by family type
  • Children living in low-income working families (i.e., with incomes below 200% of their poverty threshold and with at least one working parent)

Federal poverty guidelines are simplified federal poverty thresholds produced by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and used for administrative purposes such as determining eligibility for federal programs and benefits. Indicators of family income between 0-100% and 0-200% of federal poverty guidelines are provided for mothers with a recent birth. These estimates come from the Maternal and Infant Health Assessment and are available for California and its counties with the greatest number of births; in addition, state-level breakdowns by race/ethnicity and by type of prenatal health insurance coverage are provided.

The Census Bureau's Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) is an extension of the official poverty measure. SPM thresholds are adjusted to account for expenditures on clothing, utilities, and shelter, along with state-level differences in housing costs. To calculate family resources, the SPM adds non-cash government benefits and tax credits to cash income, and subtracts out-of-pocket work, medical, and child care expenses. National and state-level estimates of children living below their SPM poverty threshold come from the Current Population Survey and are available for children overall and by race/ethnicity.

The California Poverty Measure (CPM), a joint project of the Public Policy Institute of California and the Stanford University Center on Poverty and Inequality, incorporates California-specific threshold and resource adjustments, and allows for county-level and demographic subgroup estimates of child poverty. The following CPM indicators related to child poverty are available:
  • Poverty thresholds for families with children by family composition, for renters and owners with mortgages
  • Estimates of children living in poverty and deep poverty, overall and by age group, race/ethnicity, family type, family citizenship status, family education level, and family employment status
  • Estimates of the extent to which social safety net programs reduce child poverty and deep poverty, by program type

A project of the Center for Women's Welfare at the University of Washington, the California Family Economic Self-Sufficiency Standard measures the amount of income a family of a certain composition in a specific county needs to adequately meet its basic needs without public or private assistance. Kidsdata.org provides self-sufficiency standards for six common family types at the county level along with state- and county-level estimates of the percentage of families with children living below their standard.

In addition to these measures kidsdata.org also offers:
  • Median family income (the income level at which half of families earn more and half earn less), by family type, from ACS
  • Household income distribution by quintile (the percentage of aggregate household income earned by each income quintile), from ACS
  • Gini index of household income inequality (a summary measure of the difference between the observed distribution of household income and a perfectly equal distribution, ranging from 0 and 1), from ACS
  • The number and rate of children participating in CalWORKs (California's Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program), from the California Department of Social Services

*Depending on the indicator, ACS data are available as single-year estimates for counties and county groups, as five-year estimates for counties, cities, and school districts with populations of at least 10,000, or as five-year estimates for legislative districts.
Family Income and Poverty
Student Demographics
Early Care and Education
Food Security
Homelessness
Childhood Adversity and Resilience
Housing Affordability and Resources
Immigrants
Unemployment
Health Care
Health Status
Why This Topic Is Important
Income and well being are intricately linked. Poverty can alter children's developmental trajectories in cognitive, socio-emotional, and physical health (1). The effects of poverty on child health and well being can begin during pregnancy, as low-income women are more likely to experience malnutrition and stress, and are less likely to receive adequate prenatal care (2). Children who face economic hardship when they are young, or who experience deep and prolonged poverty, are at greatest risk for poor outcomes (1). The effects of poverty and the stress associated with it can be lasting, contributing to increased risk of not completing high school, poor adult health, and poor employment outcomes, among other adverse consequences (1, 3).

The impacts extend beyond individuals, too. It is estimated that child poverty costs the U.S. more than $1 trillion annually in direct and indirect health costs, increased child homelessness and maltreatment, loss of economic productivity, and costs associated with crime and incarceration (4). Every dollar spent on childhood poverty reduction strategies could reduce this economic fallout by seven dollars (4).
The link between income and wellness is evident even for those living above the poverty threshold. A health gradient exists along the economic spectrum such that health status improves as income level increases; e.g., the health of those in the middle-income range tends to be inferior to those in higher-income groups (3). This is especially concerning given that income inequality in the U.S. has been increasing in recent decades (5).

Rates of poverty tend to be highest among children under age 5, those in immigrant or single-parent families, and African American/black, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Hispanic/Latino children (1, 3).

For more information, see kidsdata.org’s Research & Links section.

Sources for this narrative:

1.  American Academy of Pediatrics Council on Community Pediatrics. (2021). Poverty and child health in the United States. Pediatrics, 137(4), e20160339. Retrieved from: https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/137/4/e20160339/81482/Poverty-and-Child-Health-in-the-United-States

2.  National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2020). Birth settings in America: Outcomes, quality, access, and choice. National Academies Press. Retrieved from: https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25636/birth-settings-in-america-outcomes-quality-access-and-choice

3.  National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2019). A roadmap to reducing child poverty. National Academies Press. Retrieved from: https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25246/a-roadmap-to-reducing-child-poverty

4.  McLaughlin, M., & Rank, M. R. (2018). Estimating the economic cost of childhood poverty in the United States. Social Work Research, 42(2), 73-83. Retrieved from: https://academic.oup.com/swr/article-abstract/42/2/73/4956930

5.  Stone, C., et al. (2020). A guide to statistics on historical trends in income inequality. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. Retrieved from: https://www.cbpp.org/research/poverty-and-inequality/a-guide-to-statistics-on-historical-trends-in-income-inequality
How Children Are Faring
In 2016-2020, an estimated 17% of California children lived below the federal poverty threshold ($26,246 annually for a family of two adults and two children in 2020). Across counties with data, official child poverty rates ranged from 6% in San Mateo to more than 30% in Imperial. In Tehama County in 2016-2020, more than one in six children lived in deep poverty—i.e., on annual income lower than half the federal poverty threshold ($13,123 for two adults and two children in 2020).

The Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) accounts for expenses (e.g., state-level differences in housing costs) and resources (e.g., government safety net program benefits) not captured in the official poverty measure. According to SPM estimates, 19% of California children lived in poverty in 2023. California's SPM child poverty rate consistently exceeds comparable U.S. figures. African American/Black, American Indian/Alaska Native, Hispanic/Latino, and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander children are more likely to live below their SPM threshold than their Asian and white peers—in 2021-2023, the percentage of Hispanic/Latino children in poverty according to the SPM was more than double the percentage for white children, statewide and nationally.

The California Poverty Measure (CPM) builds on the SPM by adjusting for California-specific safety net policies and for regional variation in the cost of living within the state. CPM data for early 2023 show that 14% of children statewide lived in poverty and 2.2% lived in deep poverty—up from 9% and 1.7%, respectively, in fall 2021. In the absence of social safety net programs, it is estimated that the child poverty rate would have been nearly 15 percentage points higher and the deep poverty rate more than 9 percentage points higher in early 2023. Local CPM child poverty rates for early 2023 varied from 11% to 18% across the state's ten most populous counties and from 5% to 30% across legislative districts with data. Overall, children whose parents are single, non-U.S. citizens, or who did not finish high school tend to experience higher rates of CPM poverty and deep poverty than children in families with married parents, U.S. citizens, and higher levels of educational attainment.

The Self-Sufficiency Standard (SSS) represents the estimated income a family needs to adequately meet its basic needs without public or private assistance. Across California counties, the SSS for a family of two adults and two school-aged children in 2018 ranged from $52,566 (Modoc) to $114,215 (Marin) annually. In 2016, nearly half (48%) of all families with children statewide lived on incomes below their SSS.
Rates of poverty among California women with a recent birth—and, by extension, their children—are especially high. Statewide, an estimated 41% of mothers with a birth in 2013-2014 lived in families with income below the federal poverty guideline ($23,850 for a family of four in 2014); for African American/black and Hispanic/Latina mothers, the poverty rate was 60%, compared with 20% or less for Asian/Pacific Islander and white mothers.

Income is not distributed evenly across California households and regions. Statewide and nationally, when households are divided by income into five equally sized groups, those in the highest quintile earned an estimated 52% of all household income in 2016-2020, compared with a 3% share of total income earned by households in the lowest quintile. Among counties with data, median annual income for families with children ranged from $48,294 in Tulare County to $182,607 in Marin County in 2016-2020. Marin County also had the highest level of household income inequality among counties with data in 2016-2020, as measured by the Gini index.

The CalWORKs program, which provides cash aid and services to needy families, served more than 665,000 California children—a rate of 77 per 1,000—in 2023. Among counties with data for 2024, participation in CalWORKs ranged from fewer than 9 children per 1,000 in San Mateo to more than 160 per 1,000 in Del Norte and Tulare.
Policy Implications
Poverty has multiple causes and dimensions, many of which public policy can address. Investments in public benefits for children, pregnant women, and families who lack adequate resources for food, clothing, health care, and shelter are highly cost-effective, as are tax credits, parental work support, and other safety net programs that help families meet basic needs in times of financial instability (1, 2). Reducing child poverty, and income inequality more broadly, requires long-term commitments from leaders at the local, state, and federal levels, as well as a broad policy strategy targeting poverty's diverse root causes.

Most low-income families in California have at least one working adult, and while the state has made substantial progress in supporting families in recent years—e.g., through the California Earned Income Tax Credit, Young Child Tax Credit, universal school meals, and minimum wage increases—additional work is needed to address disproportionately high poverty rates among children of color and immigrant families, and to ensure that all Californians have the opportunity to thrive (1, 3, 4).

Policy and program options that could influence family income and poverty include:
  • Ensuring that all eligible families benefit from safety net programs—e.g., cash aid, tax credits, and nutrition assistance—through outreach, elimination of administrative barriers, and increased coordination across programs; also, improving access to the safety net for families with mixed immigration status, who comprise a third of California families in deep poverty (1, 3, 4, 5)
  • Continuing to strengthen the CalWORKs program, which provides cash assistance and employment services, ensuring that monthly grants support an adequate living standard for all families, and moving away from work requirements (1, 3)
  • Promoting efforts to maintain and expand federal and state earned income and child tax credits, increasing the amount of cash provided, making credits fully refundable, and broadening eligibility (1, 3, 6, 7)
  • Continuing to increase investments in high-quality, affordable child care, expanding the number of low-income infants and toddlers receiving state-funded subsidies, and reimbursing providers at rates that are tied the actual cost of effectively recruiting, retaining, and compensating a skilled child-care workforce (3, 4)
  • Strengthening and increasing participation in California's Paid Family Leave program by raising the rate of earnings replacement and providing job protection for those who take time away from work to care for or bond with a new child (3, 4)
  • Promoting state and local policies to increase the supply of affordable housing, provide emergency rental assistance and legal aid for families at risk of losing their homes, and expand supportive services for those experiencing housing instability or homelessness (3, 8)
  • Supporting ongoing efforts to ensure that all children—irrespective of income or immigration status—have comprehensive, continuous, and affordable health insurance coverage; as part of this, maintaining investments in Medi-Cal to improve quality of care, streamline enrollment processes, and expand outreach to families (1, 4, 9, 10)
  • Using lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic to reduce fragmentation across safety net programs and plan effectively for future crises or economic downturns (1)
  • Continuing to strengthen child support enforcement programs that work effectively with non-custodial parents and ensure that support reaches families in need (11)
  • Exploring ambitious poverty-reduction strategies that go beyond the current safety net and status quo, and addressing the root causes of poverty and income inequality through institutional reforms (12)
For more information, see kidsdata.org’s Research & Links section or visit Public Policy Institute of California and California Budget and Policy Center. Also see Policy Implications on kidsdata.org under Food Security, Housing Affordability and Resources, Health Care, and Early Care and Education.

Sources for this narrative:

1.  Danielson, C., et al. (2021). California's future: Safety net. Public Policy Institute of California. Retrieved from: https://www.ppic.org/publication/californias-future-safety-net

2.  National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2019). A roadmap to reducing child poverty. National Academies Press. Retrieved from: https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/25246/a-roadmap-to-reducing-child-poverty

3.  California Budget and Policy Center. (2024). The 2024-25 California state budget explained. Retrieved from: https://calbudgetcenter.org/resources/the-2024-25-california-state-budget-explained

4.  Children Now. (2024). 2024 California children's report card: A survey of kids’ well-being and roadmap for the future. Retrieved from: https://www.childrennow.org/portfolio-posts/2024-california-childrens-report-card

5.  California WIC Association. (2021). Linking WIC for health equity: Expanding access to WIC through horizontal integration. Retrieved from: https://www.calwic.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Expanding-Access-to-WIC-Through-Horizontal-Integration_07_21.pdf

6.  Anderson, A., & Kimberlin, S. (2022). How California can support workers and families with the CalEITC. California Budget and Policy Center. Retrieved from: https://calbudgetcenter.org/resources/how-california-can-support-workers-and-families-with-the-caleitc

7.  Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. (2022). Policy basics: The Child Tax Credit. Retrieved from: https://www.cbpp.org/research/federal-tax/the-child-tax-credit

8.  Mesquita, A., & Kimberlin, S. (2022). Who is experiencing housing hardship in California? California Budget and Policy Center. Retrieved from: https://calbudgetcenter.org/resources/who-is-experiencing-housing-hardship-in-california

9.  The Children's Partnership. (2021). Why is children's enrollment in Medi-Cal lagging in California at a time when children are in most need? Retrieved from: https://www.childrenspartnership.org/research/medical-brief

10.  California State Auditor. (2022). The Department of Health Care Services is still not doing enough to ensure that children in Medi-Cal receive preventive health services. Retrieved from: https://www.auditor.ca.gov/reports/2022-502/index

11.  U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families. (2022). Office of Child Support Enforcement annual report to Congress FY 2019. Retrieved from: https://www.acf.hhs.gov/css/report/fy-2019-annual-report-congress

12.  Grusky, D. B., et al. (n.d.). Ending poverty in California: A blueprint for a just and inclusive economy. End Poverty in California. Retrieved from: https://endpovertyinca.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/policy-paper.pdf
Websites with Related Information
Key Reports and Research
County/Regional Reports
More Data Sources For Family Income and Poverty