Definition: Estimated percentage of adults with caregiving responsibilities for children ages 0-17 who used physical or harsh verbal discipline on their children in the previous seven days, by type of discipline and household income level (e.g., in Wave 4, 43.4% of California caregivers living in households with annual incomes below $30,000 shouted, yelled, or screamed at their children in the previous week).
Data Source: Family Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic. (Jun. 2022). Questionnaire: American Academy of Pediatrics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Prevent Child Abuse America & Tufts Medical Center; California oversample: Lucile Packard Foundation for Children's Health & California Essentials for Childhood Initiative (California Dept. of Public Health, Injury and Violence Prevention Branch & California Dept. of Social Services, Office of Child Abuse Prevention).
Footnote: The questionnaire was administered during the following periods: Nov. 9 – Dec. 11, 2020 (Wave 1); Mar. 22 – Apr. 12, 2021 (Wave 2); Jul. 8 – Jul. 27, 2021 (Wave 3); Jun. 3 – Jun. 29, 2022 (Wave 4). These data are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. The annotation [!] indicates that the estimate’s margin of error is at least 5 percentage points but less than 10 percentage points.
